I also encountered this same set of errors while setting up a fresh install with my remote host.

Bombed on ERROR 400, try to reinstall via install wizard URL, it appeared to upgrade from 4.4 to current version.... then I tried to hit the site and received the DOES NOT EXIST IN THE DATABASE ERROR.  Tried to rerun installer again via URL and it stated it was on the current version.

This workaround seemed to work for me...

Possible workaround (USE WITH CAUTION - my install was fresh) and I'm new with DNN platform

1)  Locate the Version SQL table and select all records to file.

2)  Delete all records from Version table

3)  Run upgrade URL:  http://www.mydomain.com/DotNetNuke_2/Website/Install/Install.aspx?mode=upgrade

No guarantees here... but it got me going again.

NOTE:  in the event this workaround is successful  for anyone experiencing this issue - BE SURE TO UPDATE/CHANGE YOUR HOST AND ADMIN PASSWORDS MANUALLY, as you will be bypassing the initial configuration wizard with this workaround.  If you do not manually update these passwords, you'll be left with default credentials.

~Cheers

I've completely gone past all install errors, figured I'd share the solution:

1. Make sure you DB has collation set to "SQL_Latin_General_Cp1_CI_AS

That will solve the case sensitive issue with the tables/columns

2. Go through the sql files in the dataprovider folder to do a search and replace on all parameters that have mismatched case. The files that had mismatched case in params I found were

Schema

04.04.01

04.05.00

04.06.00

04.07.00

I found all of the errors by running the "Auto" installtion the other installs didn't seem to be providing the necessary logs. Once the auto installation ran, I wrote down which files failed, looked up their logs in the data providers and read the erros, it will tell you very plainly which parameters need to be fixed. Once you fix them in the sql files delete you db and redo the install.