Ok, there happens some undocumented voodoo. 
During rendering time the url value doesn't contain the original url but a complete link string.
But there are some more invisible columns you can use. All url datatypes will have three columns in the underlaying dataset:
| ColumnName |
complete link (that one which is displayed when the column is visible) |
| ColumnName_UDT_Url |
underlaying url inside link |
| ColumnName_UDT_Original |
value saved in database |
So in your case the desired string for calculated column is
'<a href="' + LinkURL_UDT_Url + '">' + Title + ' </a>'